Sector · Agriculture & Food

Double materiality for agriculture & food.

Agriculture and food undertakings face concentrated impact materiality across biodiversity, water, land use, smallholder livelihoods and climate — overlaid with the EUDR, the Common Agricultural Policy, the Nature Restoration Law and the Pesticides Regulation. This sector guide outlines the typical material IROs, the regulatory overlay, and the DMA pitfalls observed in Wave 1 filings.

4 of 10
ESRS topics typically material
A01–A03 · C10–C11
NACE codes
~1,600
EU Wave 2 in-scope est.
VALUE CHAIN POSITION · AGRICULTURE & FOOD 3 STAGES
UPSTREAM Farming Land use Inputs & water Smallholder farmers E3 · E4 · S2 OPERATIONS Processing & production Processing plants Energy & water Food safety Workforce E1 · E3 · S1 · S4 DOWNSTREAM Distribution Retail & foodservice Consumer use Food waste E5 · S4

Where agriculture and food’s material topics cluster.

All 10 ESRS topics plotted on a dual-materiality map calibrated to the sector. Click any topic for the specific IROs, scoring rationale and disclosure mapping. Switch between typical and heightened scenarios — the latter reflects exposure to high-deforestation commodities, water-stressed sourcing regions, or smallholder-dominated supply chains.

Live · Sector Materiality Heatmap
10 ESRS topics · impact vs financial materiality
Impact materiality Financial materiality low high low high
High materiality Medium Low Not typically material
Click any topic on the map to view IROs and scoring

12 illustrative IROs for agriculture & food.

Impacts, risks and opportunities drawn from the topical ESRS and EFRAG IG 1, contextualised to agriculture and food’s operations and value chain. Filter by category.

ImpactE4

Agricultural expansion driving deforestation

Cocoa, coffee, palm oil, soy, beef, timber and rubber sourcing drives tropical deforestation. Traceability to plot of origin is now the EUDR evidence benchmark.

ImpactE3

Water abstraction from stressed basins

Irrigation of water-intensive crops in drought-exposed regions is the single largest water-impact driver for many agri-food companies.

ImpactE1

Methane from livestock and rice production

Livestock enteric fermentation and manure management, plus rice paddy methane, dominate agricultural GHG profiles. Impact materiality depends on portfolio mix.

ImpactS2

Smallholder farmer livelihoods

Pricing power imbalances between large buyers and smallholders affect income levels, with documented severity for cocoa, coffee and vanilla producers.

RiskE4

EUDR compliance for seven commodities

Due diligence obligations for cocoa, coffee, palm oil, soy, cattle, timber and rubber. Non-compliance triggers market access restrictions.

RiskE3

Water scarcity disrupting supply

Climate-driven water scarcity in key sourcing regions (almonds in California, coffee in Brazil, wheat in Mediterranean) creates supply volatility.

RiskS2

Forced Labour Regulation for produce and fisheries

EU Forced Labour Regulation prohibits placing affected products on market. Fisheries and seasonal-harvest categories carry documented exposure.

RiskS4

HFSS marketing restrictions and Green Claims

Tightening restrictions on high fat, salt and sugar marketing to children. Green Claims Directive applies directly to product sustainability claims.

OpportunityE4

Certified regenerative and organic ranges

Organic, regenerative and biodiversity-certified supply chains capture premium pricing and reduce EUDR exposure simultaneously.

OpportunityE1

Regenerative agriculture carbon sequestration

Soil-carbon sequestration, agroforestry and cover cropping deliver verifiable Scope 3 Cat. 1 emissions reductions and unlock carbon-removal revenue.

OpportunityS2

Living-income and direct-sourcing models

Direct sourcing with living-income guarantees improves supply security and reduces S2 human-rights risk while commanding consumer-trust premium.

OpportunityS4

Healthier-product portfolio positioning

Reformulation toward lower HFSS and higher-nutrient products captures regulatory tailwind and consumer demand, material for S4 scoring.

EU regulations that intersect the DMA.

These adjacent EU regulations shape which impacts and financial effects are likely to score as material for a manufacturing undertaking. Read them into the DMA as evidence sources.

Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 (EUDR)

EU Deforestation Regulation

Due diligence for cocoa, coffee, palm oil, soy, cattle, timber and rubber. Must demonstrate traceability to plot of origin. Central E4 and S2 materiality driver.

Regulation (EU) 2021/2115

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

Post-2023 CAP eco-schemes and Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions create conditional payments linked to biodiversity, water and climate outcomes.

Regulation (EU) 2024/1991

Nature Restoration Law

Agricultural-ecosystem restoration obligations on member states, cascading to farming practices through national plans. Direct E4 input.

Regulation (EC) 1107/2009 (SUR pending)

Plant Protection Products / Sustainable Use

Active-substance approvals and SUR proposals tightening pesticide use. Evidence input for E2 pollution and E4 biodiversity materiality.

Regulation (EU) 2024/3015

Forced Labour Regulation

Prohibits placing on the EU market products made with forced labour. Evidence input for S2 value-chain workers across agri-food commodities.

Directive (EU) 2019/633

Unfair Trading Practices Directive

Protects smaller food suppliers from unfair practices of stronger buyers. Evidence input for G1 business conduct and S2 value-chain IROs.

Six DMA errors seen in Wave 1 agriculture and food filings.

Patterns drawn from EFRAG’s 2025 implementation review and a review of published Wave 1 agriculture and food CSRD reports. Treat as a pre-flight checklist before the DMA is signed off.

Pitfall 01

Scope 3 Cat. 1 emissions estimated by spend only

Spend-based estimates hide the real emissions profile of differentiated agri commodities. Activity-based data and EUDR traceability should feed E1 scoring.

Pitfall 02

Smallholder livelihoods excluded from S2 assessment

S2 value-chain worker impacts include pricing power dynamics, not only labour law compliance. Living-income analysis is ESRS S2-4 material evidence.

Pitfall 03

Water materiality limited to operational use

Agricultural water use in upstream sourcing typically dominates the water footprint. E3 scoping must extend to value-chain irrigation impact.

Pitfall 04

EUDR treated as compliance-only, not ESRS evidence

EUDR traceability data is the strongest available evidence for E4 impact materiality. Failure to feed EUDR outputs into the DMA leaves E4 under-evidenced.

Pitfall 05

Indigenous community impacts not assessed

S3 impact materiality extends to indigenous peoples in sourcing regions. FPIC frameworks are the ESRS S3-4 engagement benchmark.

Pitfall 06

Food waste omitted from E5 scoping

Food waste concentrates material E5 impacts across the value chain. Waste Framework Directive food-waste targets add financial materiality.